2013研究前沿：生命科学与医学最新热点方向排名

　日前，汤森路透首次发布了前沿研究、科研管理与科学政策制定的相关报告：《2013研究前沿：科学与社科领域的百强研究》(Research Fronts 2013: 100 Top Ranked Specialties in the Sciences and Social Sciences)。报告中列出了当前十大前沿研究领域，以及每个领域中排名前十的重点研究。这次公布的研究，也可能成为2013年度科学与社科领域的重点。

　　该报告对2007年至2012年高引用率的研究论文，以及发表在核心期刊和基础期刊上的文章进行分析后发现，科学与社会科学领域的前沿研究主要涉及以下十大领域：

　　农业、植物与动物科学(Agriculture, Plant and Animal Sciences)

　　生态学与环境科学(Ecology and Environmental Sciences)

　　地球科学(Geosciences)

　　临床医学(Clinical Medicine)

　　生物科学(Biological Sciences)

　　化学与材料科学(Chemistry and Materials Science)

　　物理学(Physics)

　　天文学与天体物理学(Astronomy and Astrophysics)

　　数学、计算科学与工程学(Mathematics, Computer Science and Engineering)

　　经济学、心理学和其他社会科学(Economics, Psychology and Other Social Sciences)

　　研究人员表示，对科研领域进行趋势分析能让研究人员、科研资助者和机构管理人员对当前的科研发展有一个整体认识，帮助他们在科研精力投入、科研资金和资源分配等方面做出更好的决策。

　　生物科学(Biological Sciences)领域中排名前十的重点研究如下：

RANK	research fronts	core papers	citations	mean year of core papers
1	DNA methylation analysis and missing heritability	25	3,153	2011
2	Toxicity of amyloid beta (Aβ) oligomers in Alzheimer’s disease	45	2,588	2010.6
3	Differentiation and function of follicular helper CD4 T cells (TFH)	38	2760	2010.5
4	Human beta(2) adrenergic G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)	44	6261	2010.4
5	Linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)	43	3,749	2010.4
6	Lgr5 receptor-expressing intestinal stem cells	23	2,699	2010.3
7	TET mutations, reduction of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), and malignancy	45	6,112	2010.2
8	Inhibition of TO R (Target Of Rapamycin) signaling, increased lifespan, and diseases of aging	30	3,152	2010.1
9	HIV-1 Vpu and Vpx proteins and restriction factors SAMHD1 and BST -2/Tetherin	48	3,760	2009.9
10	Mitochondrial sirtuins and regulation of metabolism	32	3,395	2009.9

　　位列三甲的分别为： DNA甲基化与丢失遗传性研究、阿尔茨海默症的β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)、滤泡辅助性CD4 T细胞(TFH)的分化和功能。

　　农业、植物与动物科学(Agriculture, Plant and Animal Sciences)领域中排名前十的重点研究如下：

RANK	research fronts	core papers	citations	mean year of core papers
1	Impact of climate change on food crops	32	1537	2010
2	Comprehensive classification of fungi based on molecular evolutionary analysis	18	1374	2010
3	Arabidopsis chloroplast RnA editing	46	2578	2009.9
4	Jasmonate biosynthesis and signaling	33	2548	2009.9
5	oomycete RXlR effectors and suppression of plant immunity	47	2340	2009.7
6	Angiosperm phylogeny group classification	34	2259	2009.7
7	methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (mRsA) in livestock	17	1071	2009.7
8	genomic selection and estimated breeding values	39	2281	2009.6
9	honey bee colony collapse disorder and Nosema ceranae	30	1718	2009.6
10	insect resistance to transgenic crops producing bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) toxins for pest control	22	1134	2009.6

　　生态学与环境科学(Ecology and Environmental Sciences)领域中排名前十的重点研究如下：

RANK	research fronts	core papers	citations	mean year of core papers
1	ocean acidification and marine ecosystems	45	3653	2009.6
2	biodiversity and functional ecosystems	43	3139	2009.5
3	mangrove forests and climate change	16	1121	2009.5
4	models and impacts of land-use change	18	2318	2009.4
5	biochar amendment techniques and effects	41	2300	2009.4
6	Adaptive evolution in invasive species and approximate bayesian computation	19	1255	2009.4
7	Chytridiomycosis and large-scale amphibian population extinctions	13	1003	2009.3
8	Pharmaceutical residues in environmental water and wastewater	50	3815	2009.1
9	Community ecology and phylogenetic comparative biology	20	1,799	2009.1
10	Climate warming, altered thermal niches, and species impact	14	1,244	2009.1

　　临床医学(Clinical Medicine)领域中排名前十的重点研究如下：

RANK	research fronts	core papers	citations	mean year of core papers
1	transcatheter aortic valve implantation	50	2818	2011
2	Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and complement activation	36	1939	2010.6
3	Acquired bRAf inhibitor resistance in metastatic melanoma	36	4777	2010.5
4	idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and randomized placebo-controlled drug trials	38	2269	2010.5
5	Pathology and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	34	1978	2010.5
6	Chemotherapy with and without bevacizumab for heR2-negative breast cancer	14	1909	2010.5
7	brentuximab vedotin for refractory and relapsed hodgkin’s lymphoma	23	2001	2010.4
8	il28b polymorphisms and treatment response in hepatitis C patients	47	5172	2010.3
9	Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (AlK) inhibition in non-small cell lung cancer	46	3716	2010.3
10	global, national, and regional assessments of maternal, newborn, and child health	42	2640	2010.3