牛磺酸缺乏是衰老的驱动因素

印度国立免疫学研究所Vijay K. Yadav小组发现，牛磺酸缺乏是衰老的驱动因素。2023年6月9日，《科学》杂志在线发表这项研究成果。

研究人员发现，在小鼠、猴子和人类中，循环牛磺酸的浓度随着衰老而下降。通过补充牛磺酸逆转这种下降，增加了小鼠的健康期（健康生活的时期）和寿命，以及猴子的健康期。从机制上讲，牛磺酸减少了细胞的衰老，保护了端粒酶的缺乏，抑制了线粒体功能障碍，减少了DNA损伤，并削弱了炎症反应。

在人类中，较低的牛磺酸浓度与几种与年龄有关的疾病相关，急性耐力运动后牛磺酸浓度增加。因此，牛磺酸缺乏可能是衰老的一个驱动因素，因为它的逆转增加了线虫、啮齿动物和灵长类动物的健康期和线虫和啮齿动物的寿命。似乎有必要在人类中进行临床试验，来测试牛磺酸缺乏是否可能推动人类的衰老。

据介绍，衰老与各种分子的循环水平的变化有关，其中一些仍未确定。

附：英文原文

Title: Taurine deficiency as a driver of aging

Author: Parminder Singh, Kishore Gollapalli, Stefano Mangiola, Daniela Schranner, Mohd Aslam Yusuf, Manish Chamoli, Sting L. Shi, Bruno Lopes Bastos, Tripti Nair, Annett Riermeier, Elena M. Vayndorf, Judy Z. Wu, Aishwarya Nilakhe, Christina Q. Nguyen, Michael Muir, Michael G. Kiflezghi, Anna Foulger, Alex Junker, Jack Devine, Kunal Sharan, Shankar J. Chinta, Swati Rajput, Anand Rane, Philipp Baumert, Martin Schnfelder, Francescopaolo Iavarone, Giorgia di Lorenzo, Swati Kumari, Alka Gupta, Rajesh Sarkar, Costerwell Khyriem, Amanpreet S. Chawla, Ankur Sharma, Nazan Sarper, Naibedya Chattopadhyay, Bichitra K. Biswal, Carmine Settembre, Perumal Nagarajan, Kimara L. Targoff, Martin Picard, Sarika Gupta, Vidya Velagapudi, Anthony T. Papenfuss, Alaattin Kaya, Miguel Godinho Ferreira, Brian K. Kennedy, Julie K. Andersen, Gordon J. Lithgow, Abdullah Mahmood Ali, Arnab Mukhopadhyay, Aarno Palotie, Gabi Kastenmüller, Matt Kaeberlein, Henning Wackerhage, Bhupinder Pal, Vijay K. Yadav

Issue&Volume: 2023-06-09

Abstract: Aging is associated with changes in circulating levels of various molecules, some of which remain undefined. We find that concentrations of circulating taurine decline with aging in mice, monkeys, and humans. A reversal of this decline through taurine supplementation increased the health span (the period of healthy living) and life span in mice and health span in monkeys. Mechanistically, taurine reduced cellular senescence, protected against telomerase deficiency, suppressed mitochondrial dysfunction, decreased DNA damage, and attenuated inflammaging. In humans, lower taurine concentrations correlated with several age-related diseases and taurine concentrations increased after acute endurance exercise. Thus, taurine deficiency may be a driver of aging because its reversal increases health span in worms, rodents, and primates and life span in worms and rodents. Clinical trials in humans seem warranted to test whether taurine deficiency might drive aging in humans.