HIVInducedTCellApoptosis
HIV infection is associated with immunosuppression caused by a dramatic reduction in the helper T cell population. The loss of helper T cells may be caused by HIV-induced apoptosis of both infected and uninfected helper T cells. HIV uses the CCR5 chemokine receptor as a coreceptor for macrophage cell entry and upregulates fas-ligand on these cells. CD4 on helper T cells is essential for viral cell entry and infection......阅读全文
HIV－Induced－T－Cell－Apoptosis
HIV infection is associated with immunosuppression caused by a dramatic reduction in the helper T cell population. The loss of helper T cells may be c
TSP1－Induced－Apoptosis－in－Microvascular－Endothelial－Cell
As tissues grow they require angiogenesis to occur if they are to be supplied with blood vessels and survive. Factors that inhibit angiogenesis might
Free－Radical－Induced－Apoptosis
Oxidative stress is one factor that can trigger programmed cell death. Activated neutrophils responding to inflammatory stimulation produce reactive o
Guide－to－Cell－Proliferation－and－Apoptosis－Methods
Chapter 1: Cell Death - Apoptosis and Necrosis 1.1 Introduction 2 1.1.1 Terminology of cell death 2 1.1.2 Differences between necros
PTEN－dependent－cell－cycle－arrest－and－apoptosis
PTEN is a tumor suppressor gene. Recombinant PTEN is capable of dephosphorylating phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate[PI(3,4,5)P3], the product of
Opposing－roles－of－AIF－in－Apoptosis－and－Cell－Survival
Programmed cell death is induced by many different factors and involves numerous signaling pathways, some dependent on caspase proteases and others th
Detection－Of－Cell－Viability－And/Or－Apoptosis－By－Flow－Cytometry－(FACS)
Viable cells are cells that when allowed to continue beyond the timepoint of examination will stay alive. Besides live and healthy cells, cells in ear
In－Situ－Cell－Death－(Apoptosis)－Detection－by－TUNEL－labeling
Protocol for Frozen Sections:Warm 150ml 4% Paraformaldehyde/1x PBS to RT. Fix slides in it, 20 min., RT.1x PBS rinse, 2 times.1x PBS, 30 min., RT. Beg
Role－of－MEF2D－in－Tcell－Apoptosis
Mef2 (Myocyte enhancer factor 2) transcription factors play a role in T-Cell Calcium Induced Apoptosis. Several factors regulate Mef2 transcription fa
Alexa－Fluor®－488－Annexin－V/Dead－Cell－Apoptosis－Kit
实验概要Apoptosis is a carefully regulated process of cell death that occurs as a normal part of development. Inappropriately regulated apoptosis is imp
Apoptosis－Induction
IntroductionWhen studying induction of apoptosis via a cell surface molecule, it is important to first ascertain surface expression of the molecule of
HIVI－Nef:－negative－effector－of－Fas－and－TNF
HIV infection leads to drastic declines in CD4 T helper cells, in part through apoptosis of uninfected cells. Apoptosis of uninfected cells may be ind
Cell：让HIV插翅难逃
一些艾滋病毒药物已能够极好地抑制感染，但它们仍然无法清除HIV。其原因在于这些药丸中的药物成分无法接触到潜伏在感染白细胞中的病毒隐藏储备库。科学家们认为，解开这一潜伏病毒池的秘密，或许有可能不只是控制而是能够治愈HIV。 在发表于1月29日《细胞》（Cell）杂志上的一项新研究中，由洛克菲勒大
Apoptosis:－Miniassay
1) Aliquot 5 X 106 total cells in 5-8 ml 2% media. 2) Add 30 µl 3H-thymidine. 3) Incubate for approximately 16 hours under normal growth conditions
Chemical－Induction－of－Apoptosis
Chemical Induction of Apoptosis - 1 May 2001p53, p21WAF1, Myc, Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-x and bak are among the proteins involved in the regulation of apoptosi
Stress－Induction－of－HSP－Regulation
Mammalian cells can respond to a variety of stresses such as heat, cold, oxidative stress, metabolic disturbance, and environmental toxins through nec
Cell子刊：HIV感染的“帮凶”
最近，北卡罗莱纳大学（UNC）医学院和Sanford Burnham Prebys医学发现研究所(SBP)的科学家们，发现了一个人类(宿主)蛋白，可削弱人体对HIV和其他病毒的免疫反应。这些研究结果发表于4月13日的《Cell Host & Microbe》，对于改善艾滋病抗病毒治疗、制备有效的
Cell：发现HIV入侵细胞新途径
美国科学家近日研究发现了HIV入侵宿主细胞的新途径。HIV首先被卷入细胞膜，形成小囊，然后向细胞质释放内容物。相关论文发表在5月1日出版的《细胞》（Cell）杂志上。研究人员表示，这一发现有可能提供其它标靶HIV的方法。长期以来，科学家一直猜测，HIV入侵时直接融合细胞膜。但美国马里兰大学医学院人类
Caspase－Cascade－in－Apoptosis
Apoptosis, programmed cell death, is triggered by a variety of stimuli, including cell surface receptors like FAS, mitochondrial response to stress, a
MAPK8基因突变与药物因子介绍
这个基因编码的蛋白质是MAP激酶家族的一员。MAP激酶作为多种生化信号的整合点，参与细胞增殖、分化、转录调控和发育等多种过程。这种激酶被各种细胞刺激激活，并以特定的转录因子为靶点，从而调节对细胞刺激的即时早期基因表达。肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）激活这种激酶是TNFα诱导细胞凋亡所必需的。这种激酶也参
MAPK8基因编码功能及结构描述
这个基因编码的蛋白质是MAP激酶家族的一员。MAP激酶作为多种生化信号的整合点，参与细胞增殖、分化、转录调控和发育等多种过程。这种激酶被各种细胞刺激激活，并以特定的转录因子为靶点，从而调节对细胞刺激的即时早期基因表达。肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）激活这种激酶是TNFα诱导细胞凋亡所必需的。这种激酶也参
Cell：模拟宝宝免疫反应，研制HIV疫苗？
距离首例艾滋病患者被发现并记录在案已经过去近35年。三十多年间，全球感染HIV病毒的人数超7100万，其中死亡人数达到3400万。但是欣慰的是，随着生命科学、医疗体系的进步，艾滋病已经从无药可治的绝症转变为有药可控的慢性疾病。 不过，艾滋病的治疗领域仍然存在很多挑战，且距离根治还有很长的距离。
SODD/TNFR1－Signaling－Pathway
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily contains several members with homologous cytoplasmic domains known as death domains (DD). The int
Lectin－Induced－Complement－Pathway
The complement cascade of proteolytic factors involved in cellular lysis can be initiated by several different factors, including antibody-dependent a
Induction－of－apoptosis－through－DR3－and－DR4/5－Death－Receptors
Apoptosis is specifically induced via signaling through a family of receptors known collectively as 'death receptors' including Fas, TNFR, DR3
FACS－Procedures－for－Apoptosis－Detection
Materials:Hoechst 33258 (Sigma B-2883).stock: 10 mg/ml in dH20 (40)working dilution: 500µg/ml (50µl stock + 950µl PBS).7-Amino-actinomycin (Sigma A-94
DNA－Fragmentation－Assays－for－Apoptosis
Protocol I: Triton X-100 Lysis BufferIn 96 flat-wells plate, incubate 4x10 6 target cells (40 wells of 105 per well) with desired concentration of eff
Granzyme－A－mediated－Apoptosis－Pathway
One mechanism used by cytotoxic T cells to kill tumor cells and virus-infected cells is the release of perforin and granzyme proteins. Perforin protei
Role－of－Mitochondria－in－Apoptotic－Signaling
Mitochondria participate in apoptotic signaling pathways through the release of mitochondrial proteins into the cytoplasm. Cytochrome c, a key protein
JC1分析线粒体膜电位的方法3
3.6 Key references1. Kroemer G., Zamzani N., Susin S.A. Mitochondrial control of apoptosis. Immunol. Today, 18: 44-51, 1997.2. Susin S.A., Zamzami N.,