SignaltransductionthroughIL1R
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that signals primarily through the type 1 IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1). The activities of IL-1 include induction of fever, expression of vascular adhesion molecules, and roles in arthritis and septic shock. The inflammatory activities of IL-1 are partially derived by transcriptionally inducing expression of cytokines such as TNF-alpha and interferons, as well as inducing ......阅读全文
Signal－transduction－through－IL1R
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that signals primarily through the type 1 IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1). The activities of IL-1 include i
Visual－Signal－Transduction
The signal transduction cascade responsible for sensing light in vertebrates is one of the best studied signal transduction processes, and is initiate
Ahr－Signal－Transduction－Pathway
The Ah receptor, bHLH/PAS transcription factor, upon binding of an agonist such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin translocates into the nucleus a
IL7－Signal－Transduction
IL-7 is a key cytokine in the immune system, essential for normal development of B cells and T cells. Mice with the IL-7 receptor deleted lack B and T
Role－of－ERBB2－in－Signal－Transduction－and－Oncology
Her2 or ERBB2 belongs to a class of proteins having high homology with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or ERBB1). It encodes a protein with the
Biosynthesis－of－Proline－in－Bacteria
Among the twenty amino acids encoded by the genetic code, proline is unique in having a cyclic structure with its side chain connected to the amino gr
The－CoStimulatory－Signal－During－Tcell－Activation
For a T cell to be activated by a specific antigen, the T cell receptor must recognize complexes of MHCI with the antigen on the surface of an antigen
Regulation－of－Splicing－through－Sam68
While transcriptional regulation is often viewed as the most prevalent way extracellular signals to regulate gene expression, post-transcriptional reg
T－Cell－Receptor－and－CD3－Complex
The T cell receptor is a cell-surface receptor that recognizes specific antigen to stimulate the T cell response to that antigen. The T cell receptor
CTNND1基因突变与药物因子介绍
该基因编码犰狳蛋白家族的一个成员，在细胞间的粘附和信号转导中起作用。多重翻译起始密码子和选择性剪接导致许多不同的亚型被翻译。并非所有描述的转录变体的全长性质都已确定在该基因与相邻的上游硫氧还蛋白相关跨膜蛋白2（TMX2）基因之间也存在通读转录。[由RefSeq提供，2010年12月]This gen
CTNND1基因编码功能及结构描述
该基因编码犰狳蛋白家族的一个成员，在细胞间的粘附和信号转导中起作用。多重翻译起始密码子和选择性剪接导致许多不同的亚型被翻译。并非所有描述的转录变体的全长性质都已确定在该基因与相邻的上游硫氧还蛋白相关跨膜蛋白2（TMX2）基因之间也存在通读转录。[由RefSeq提供，2010年12月]This gen
Eukaryotic－protein－translation
The scanning translation initiation model suggests that 40S ribosomal subunit preloaded with factors bind to the 5’ end of the mRNA near the cap. The
GProtein－Signaling－Through－Tubby－Proteins
The tubby gene product is expressed in the brain and has been implicated by mouse genetics in obesity and other disorders such as blindness. Structura
Erythropoietin－mediated－neuroprotection－through－NFkB
Erythropoietin (Epo) is most commonly known as the cytokine secreted by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production and is used as a drug fo
Activation－of－PKC－through－G－protein－coupled－receptor
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) transduce a variety of signals from the extracellular environment across the plasma membrane. One of the common si
Keratinocyte－Differentiation
The epidermis, which provides a protective barrier that undergoes a constant renewal, is a multi-layered tissue with the proliferating cells located i
PKCcatalyzed－phosphorylation－of－inhibitory－phosphoprotein－of－phosphatase
The phosphorylation of myosin affects its role in smooth muscle contraction, platelet formation and possibly other processes. Phosphorylation by myosi
Signal－Dependent－Regulation－of－Myogenesis－by－Corepressor－MITR
The differentiation of muscle cells is regulated by many factors, including the MyoD/MEF2 family of transcription factors. The MyoD/MEF2 dimer binds t
MAPKinase－Signaling－Pathway
The ever evolving mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) pathways consist of four major groupings and numerous related proteins which constitut
Regulation－of－MAP－Kinase－Pathways－Through－Dual－Specificity－Phosphatases
Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are important players in signal transduction pathways activated by a range of stimuli and mediate a number of
PTPRJ基因编码的功能和结构描述
该基因编码的蛋白是蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶（ptp）家族的一员。众所周知，ptps是调节多种细胞过程的信号分子，包括细胞生长、分化、有丝分裂周期和癌基因转化。该ptp具有含有5个纤维粘连蛋白iii型重复序列的胞外区域、单个跨膜区域和单个胞浆内催化结构域，因此代表ptp受体类型。该蛋白存在于所有造血系中，可能
Acetylation－and－Deacetylation－of－RelA－in－The－Nucleus
Contributor: Glenn Croston Ph.D.REFERENCES: Gilmore T. The Rel/NF-kB signal transduction pathway: An introduction to the Rel/NF-kB Signal Transduction
Cadmium－induces－DNA－synthesis－and－proliferation－in－macrophages
Exposure to divalent cadmium ions (Cd2+) is a known cancer risk factor, but the molecular mechanisms responsible for the inappropriate induction of ce
p38－MAPK－Signaling－Pathway
p38 MAPKs are members of the MAPK family that are activated by a variety of environmental stresses and inflammatory cytokines. Stress signals are deli
LAMA3基因突变与药物因子介绍
该基因编码的蛋白质属于层粘连蛋白家族的分泌分子。层粘连蛋白是一种异三聚体分子，由α、β和γ亚基组成，这些亚基通过螺旋线圈结构域组装而成。层粘连蛋白对基底膜的形成和功能至关重要，在调节细胞迁移和机械信号转导方面具有额外的功能。该基因编码α亚单位，对多种上皮间充质调节因子（包括角质形成细胞生长因子、表皮
PTPRJ基因突变因子与药物介绍
该基因编码的蛋白是蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶（ptp）家族的一员。众所周知，ptps是调节多种细胞过程的信号分子，包括细胞生长、分化、有丝分裂周期和癌基因转化。该ptp具有含有5个纤维粘连蛋白iii型重复序列的胞外区域、单个跨膜区域和单个胞浆内催化结构域，因此代表ptp受体类型。该蛋白存在于所有造血系中，可能
LAMA3基因编码功能及结构描述
该基因编码的蛋白质属于层粘连蛋白家族的分泌分子。层粘连蛋白是一种异三聚体分子，由α、β和γ亚基组成，这些亚基通过螺旋线圈结构域组装而成。层粘连蛋白对基底膜的形成和功能至关重要，在调节细胞迁移和机械信号转导方面具有额外的功能。该基因编码α亚单位，对多种上皮间充质调节因子（包括角质形成细胞生长因子、表皮
TollLike－Receptor－Pathway
The innate immune response responds in a general manner to factors present in invading pathogens. Bacterial factors such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS,
Skeletal－muscle－hypertrophy－is－regulated－via－AKT/mTOR－pathway
Skeletal muscle atrophies with disuse while with increased use and increased load skeletal muscle exhibits hypertrophy, with an increase in the size o
Activation－of－Csk－by－cAMPdependent－Protein－Kinase－Inhibits－Signaling
Interaction of T cell receptor with specific antigen in the context of MHC II activates a signal transduction pathway that leads to T cell activation.