SignalDependentRegulationofMyogenesisbyCorepressorMITR
The differentiation of muscle cells is regulated by many factors, including the MyoD/MEF2 family of transcription factors. The MyoD/MEF2 dimer binds to promoters to activate genes involved in muscle cell differentiation. One of the factors that regulates the role of MyoD/MEF2 in myogenesis is the protein MEF2-interacting transcription repressor (MITR), a transcriptional repressor. When MITR is bound to MEF2, myogenes......阅读全文
Sprouty－regulation－of－tyrosine－kinase－signals
Four different members of the Sprouty protein family block the cellular proliferation and differentiation induced by several different growth factors,
Ion－Channels－and－Their－Functional－Role－in－Vascular－Endothelium
Endothelial cells (EC) form a multifunctional signal-transducing surface that performs different tasks dependent on its localization in the vessel tre
Links－between－Pyk2－and－Map－Kinases
This diagram is a compilation of Pyk2 effort cascades. In specific cell types the receptor and effoectors will vary. Binding of a transmembrane recept
Activation－of－Csk－by－cAMPdependent－Protein－Kinase－Inhibits－Signaling
Interaction of T cell receptor with specific antigen in the context of MHC II activates a signal transduction pathway that leads to T cell activation.
Regulation－of－ck1/cdk5－by－type－1－glutamate－receptors
Cdk5 is a cyclin dependent protein kinase involved in dopaminergic signaling in the neostriatal region of the brain. The role of cdk5 in dopamine resp
Activation－of－cAMPdependent－protein－kinase,－PKA
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are one of the largest gene families of signaling proteins. Residing in the plasma membrane with seven transmembra
Role－of－Erk5－in－Neuronal－Survival
Axons extend significant distances to innervate target tissues. At the site of innervation, target tissues release neurotrophins including NGF, BDNF a
The－41BBdependent－immune－response
The activation of T cells requires a co-stimulatory signal with T cell receptor activation, provided in many cases by activation of CD28 in resting T
Role－of－ERBB2－in－Signal－Transduction－and－Oncology
Her2 or ERBB2 belongs to a class of proteins having high homology with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or ERBB1). It encodes a protein with the
Signal－transduction－through－IL1R
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that signals primarily through the type 1 IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1). The activities of IL-1 include i
Phospholipase－C－d1－in－phospholipid－associated－cell－signaling
Phospholipase C (PLC) d1 is a member of the PLC family that produces two second messengers, diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3)
Regulation－of－Splicing－through－Sam68
While transcriptional regulation is often viewed as the most prevalent way extracellular signals to regulate gene expression, post-transcriptional reg
Role－of－nicotinic－acetylcholine－receptors－in－the－regulation－of－apoptosis
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are essential for neuromuscular signaling and are also expressed in non-neuronal tissues, where their function is le
Ghrelin:－Regulation－of－Food－Intake－and－Energy－Homeostasis
The somatotropic axis. The synthesis and release of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary are controlled by the hypothalamic hormones GH-releasing ho
BTG－family－proteins－and－cell－cycle－regulation
BTG2 is found to be one of the immediate early genes up-regulated by neural growth factor (NGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Its transcriptional
CARM1－and－Regulation－of－the－Estrogen－Receptor
Several forms of post-translational modification regulate protein activities. Recently, protein methylation by CARM1 (coactivator-associated arginine
Transcription－Regulation－by－Methyltransferase－of－CARM1
Several forms of post-translational modification regulate protein activities. Recently, protein methylation by CARM1 (coactivator-associated arginine
BRCA1dependent－Ubligase－activity
BRCA1 is a breast and ovarian cancer tumor suppressor protein that associates with BARD1 to form a RING/RING heterodimer. The BRCA1/BARD1 RING complex
NO2dependent－IL－12－Pathway－in－NK－cells
Macrophages and NK cells help provide innate immunity against infection by intracellular parasites and communicate with each other to regulate this pr
Ca++/－Calmodulindependent－Protein－Kinase－Activation
The calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases (CaMKs) are involved in a large number of cellular responses induced by hormones, neurotransmitters and other
Chromatin－Remodeling－by－hSWI/SNF－ATPdependent－Complexes
The eukaryotic genome is packaged by histone and nonhistone proteins to form chromatin. The assembly of nucleosomesas well as compaction of nucleosoma
Signaling－of－Hepatocyte－Growth－Factor－Receptor
The hepatocyte growth factor receptor, also called c-Met, is activated by HGF and stimulates proliferation of hepatocytes and other cell types. Mutate
Sci－Signal：“饿死”癌细胞真的可行吗？
此前研究已经表明，快速分裂中的癌细胞相比健康细胞需要更高水平的糖分。这种对糖分的依赖性的差异常常被作为靶向杀伤癌细胞的疗法的基础。事实上，治疗结果往往不尽如人意。并不是所有癌细胞都对糖类的缺乏敏感，而且即使对于敏感的癌细胞来说，糖分的缺失仅仅会减缓癌症的扩散速率。总之，癌细胞对 糖分缺陷的敏感性
TollLike－Receptor－Pathway
The innate immune response responds in a general manner to factors present in invading pathogens. Bacterial factors such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS,
Thrombin－signaling－and－proteaseactivated－receptors
Thrombin is an extracellular protease that is involved in the clotting of blood and inflammation through its action on platelets and endothelial cells
Role－of－MEF2D－in－Tcell－Apoptosis
Mef2 (Myocyte enhancer factor 2) transcription factors play a role in T-Cell Calcium Induced Apoptosis. Several factors regulate Mef2 transcription fa
Regulation－of－cell－cycle－progression－by－Plk3
The focus of this pathway is to illustrate the role of Polo-like Kinase 3 (Plk3 also known as Prk and Fnk) as part of the regulatory cascade leading t
GPS2基因突变与药物因子介绍
该基因编码一种参与g蛋白丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（mapk）信号级联的蛋白。当该基因在哺乳动物细胞中过度表达时，可能会抑制ras和mapk介导的信号并干扰jnk活性，提示该基因的功能可能是信号抑制。编码蛋白是ncor1-hdac3（核受体辅加压素1-组蛋白脱乙酰基酶3）复合物的一个完整亚单位，研究表明，该
GPS2基因编码功能及结构描述
该基因编码一种参与g蛋白丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（mapk）信号级联的蛋白。当该基因在哺乳动物细胞中过度表达时，可能会抑制ras和mapk介导的信号并干扰jnk活性，提示该基因的功能可能是信号抑制。编码蛋白是ncor1-hdac3（核受体辅加压素1-组蛋白脱乙酰基酶3）复合物的一个完整亚单位，研究表明，该
GPS2基因编码功能及结构描述
该基因编码一种参与g蛋白丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（mapk）信号级联的蛋白。当该基因在哺乳动物细胞中过度表达时，可能会抑制ras和mapk介导的信号并干扰jnk活性，提示该基因的功能可能是信号抑制。编码蛋白是ncor1-hdac3（核受体辅加压素1-组蛋白脱乙酰基酶3）复合物的一个完整亚单位，研究表明，该