MultipleantiapoptoticpathwaysfromIGF1RsignalingleadtoBADphosphory
IGF-1R, the type 1 receptor for insulin-like growth factor, mediates cell survival and growth in response to its ligands IGF-1 and IGF-2. This tyrosine kinase receptor is widely expressed in many cell types and is a key mediator of growth. Overexpression or activation of IGF-1R may be involved in the proliferation of transformed cells, making inhibition of IGF-1R signaling a strategy for the development of cancer dru......阅读全文
Multiple－antiapoptotic－pathways－from－IGF1R－signaling－lead－to－BAD－phosphory
IGF-1R, the type 1 receptor for insulin-like growth factor, mediates cell survival and growth in response to its ligands IGF-1 and IGF-2. This tyrosin
Signaling－Pathway－from－GProtein－Families
G-aS-coupled receptors stimulate adenylyl cyclase (AC), which synthesizes cAMP from ATP. In contrast Gai-coupled receptors inhibit AC and so reduce cA
IL－4－signaling－pathway
Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a cytokine that can lead to development of Th2 cells. The 140 kD IL-4 Receptor (CD124) is found on many cell types, even those
Apoptotic－DNA－fragmentation－and－tissue－homeostasis
Apoptotic cell death can be triggered by many different cellular stimuli, resulting in activation of apoptotic signaling pathways including caspases (
Ceramide－Signaling－Pathway
Over 1,000 papers and reviews have been written about the role of ceramide in the production of programmed cell death or apoptosis. Ceramide is a sphi
Cyclin－E－Destruction－Pathway
Cyclins are proteins that associate with cyclin-dependent protein kinases to regulate their activity and the progression of the cell cycle through spe
BCR－Signaling－Pathway
Significant progress has been made towards delineation of the intrinsic molecular processes that regulate B lymphocyte immune function. Recent observa
CCR3－signaling－in－Eosinophils
Eosinophils are a key class of leukocytes involved in inflammatory responses, including allergic reactions in skin and airway. The eosinophil response
IL2－Receptor－Beta－Chain－in－T－cell－Activation
The IL-2 receptor is a key component of immune signaling and is required for the activation, proliferation, and survival of T cells. This receptor is
Biosynthesis－of－neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters are signaling molecules used by neurons to communicate across chemical synapses. The receptors for neurotransmitters include G-prote
Keynote－Speaker：QIMin－Zhan
Qimin Zhan Qimin Zhan, MD, is currently an Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the Executive Vice President of Peking University, Pres
INPP5D基因突变与药物因子介绍
该基因是肌醇多磷酸-5-磷酸酶（inpp5）家族的一员，编码一个具有n末端sh2结构域、肌醇磷酸酶结构域和两个c末端蛋白质相互作用结构域的蛋白质。这种蛋白的表达仅限于造血细胞，其从胞浆到质膜的运动是由酪氨酸磷酸化介导的在质膜上，蛋白质从磷脂酰肌醇（3,4,5）-三磷酸和肌醇-1,3,4,5-四磷酸水
INPP5D－基因编码功能及结构描述
该基因是肌醇多磷酸-5-磷酸酶（inpp5）家族的一员，编码一个具有n末端sh2结构域、肌醇磷酸酶结构域和两个c末端蛋白质相互作用结构域的蛋白质。这种蛋白的表达仅限于造血细胞，其从胞浆到质膜的运动是由酪氨酸磷酸化介导的在质膜上，蛋白质从磷脂酰肌醇（3,4,5）-三磷酸和肌醇-1,3,4,5-四磷酸水
INPP5D基因编码功能及结构描述
该基因是肌醇多磷酸-5-磷酸酶（inpp5）家族的一员，编码一个具有n末端sh2结构域、肌醇磷酸酶结构域和两个c末端蛋白质相互作用结构域的蛋白质。这种蛋白的表达仅限于造血细胞，其从胞浆到质膜的运动是由酪氨酸磷酸化介导的在质膜上，蛋白质从磷脂酰肌醇（3,4,5）-三磷酸和肌醇-1,3,4,5-四磷酸水
AKAP9基因编码功能及结构描述
A激酶锚定蛋白（AKAPs）是一类结构多样的蛋白质，具有与蛋白激酶A（PKA）调节亚单位结合和将全酶限制在细胞内离散位置的共同功能这个基因编码一个akap家族的成员。该基因的交替剪接导致至少两种亚型定位于中心体和高尔基体，并与来自多种信号转导途径的许多信号蛋白相互作用。这些信号蛋白包括Ⅱ型蛋白激酶a
AKAP9基因突变与药物因子介绍
A激酶锚定蛋白（AKAPs）是一类结构多样的蛋白质，具有与蛋白激酶A（PKA）调节亚单位结合和将全酶限制在细胞内离散位置的共同功能这个基因编码一个akap家族的成员。该基因的交替剪接导致至少两种亚型定位于中心体和高尔基体，并与来自多种信号转导途径的许多信号蛋白相互作用。这些信号蛋白包括Ⅱ型蛋白激酶a
Role－of－Erk5－in－Neuronal－Survival
Axons extend significant distances to innervate target tissues. At the site of innervation, target tissues release neurotrophins including NGF, BDNF a
CXCR4－Signaling－Pathway
CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor in the GPCR gene family, and is expressed by cells in the immune system and the central nervous system. In response to b
Feeder－Pathways－for－Glycolysis
The glycolytic pathway begins with the simple sugar glucose and leads to pyruvate and eventually the Kreb's cycle. Dietary carbohydrates include a
Influence－of－Ras－and－Rho－proteins－on－G1－to－S－Transition
The cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase is a key regulatory point in the cell cycle. This transition is regulated by the checkpoint kinase cdk2 t
Regulation－of－BAD－phosphorylation
The function of the pro-apoptotic molecule BAD is regulated by phosphorylation of three sites (ser 112,136 and 155). Phosphorylation at these sites re
FAS－signaling－pathway－(－CD95－)
Receptors in the TNF receptor family are associated with the induction of apoptosis, as well as inflammatory signaling. The Fas receptor (CD95) mediat
Comparison－of－Beta－oxidation－in－mitochondria－and－peroxisomes－andglyoxysomes
In addition to the beta-oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria, animal cells carry out beta-oxidation in another organelle, the peroxisome. Although
IL－5－Signaling－Pathway
IL-5 is an inflammatory signaling molecule that primarily stimulates eosinophil proliferation, maturation and activation. Eosinophils are leukocytes i
SMAD2基因编码的功能和结构描述
由该基因编码的蛋白质属于smad，一个类似于果蝇基因‘母亲抗十五瘫’（mad）和秀丽隐杆线虫基因sma的基因产物的蛋白质家族。smad蛋白是介导多种信号通路的信号转导和转录调节因子。这种蛋白介导转化生长因子（tgf）-β的信号，从而调节多种细胞过程，如细胞增殖、凋亡和分化。该蛋白通过与受体激活的SM
Attenuation－of－GPCR－Signaling
The G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family transduces extracellular signals across the plasma membrane, activating cellular responses through a vari
CDC42基因突变与药物因子介绍
该基因编码的蛋白是rho亚家族的一个小gtpase，它调节控制细胞形态、迁移、内吞和细胞周期进程等多种细胞功能的信号传导途径。该蛋白与酿酒酵母cdc42高度相似，并能与酵母cdc42-1突变株互补。据报道，癌基因dbl的产物对gdp与该蛋白的分离具有特异性催化作用。该蛋白通过与神经性wiskott-
WNT－Signaling－Pathway
Wnt family members are secreted glycoproteins who bind to cell surface receptors such as Frizzled. Wnt members can play a role in the expression of ma
The－IGF1－Receptor－and－Longevity
A demonstrated means to increase lifespan in a wide range of organisms is through the restriction of caloric intake. Reducing the consumption of calor
Map－Kinase－Inactivation－of－SMRT－Corepressor
Corepressors are coregulators that interact with transcriptional silencers in a variety of pathways such as cell proliferation, differentiation and ap