GammaaminobutyricAcidReceptorLifeCycle
Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that acts at synapses through binding to ligand-gated ion channels, the GABA receptors. Clustering of the GABA-A receptor chloride channel alters receptor pharmacology on the cell surface and reduced clustering of the GABA receptor is associated with anxiety. GABA-A interacts with several proteins that modulate its clustering, endocytosis, and recyclin......阅读全文
Gammaaminobutyric－Acid－Receptor－Life－Cycle
Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that acts at synapses through binding to ligand-gated ion channels, the GABA recepto
The－Citric－Acid－Cycle
The Krebs cycle, also called the citric acid cycle, is a fundamental metabolic pathway involving eight enzymes essential for energy production through
The－SARScoronavirus－Life－Cycle
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) has affected thousands of individuals, causing fever, and pneumonia with a mortality rate estimated at 10-18%
Sonic－Hedgehog－(SHH)－Receptor－Ptc1－Regulates－cell－cycle
Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) is a secreted protein identified genetically as an important developmental factor. Shh provides a morphogenic signal in the devel
Neuroregulin－receptor－degredation－protein1－Controls－ErbB3－receptor
The neuregulins comprise a subfamily of at least four epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like growth factors that influence a variety of cellular events, i
Neutralizing－Arachidonic－Acid
NOTE - Use arachidonic acid from Biomol (# FA-003)1) Make up the appropriate concentration of AA in 100% ethanol.2) Add 1µl of phenol red solution.-->
Amino－acid－composition
There has been a recent revival of interest in the use of AA composition for the identification of proteins from 2-D gels. This technique uses the idi
Arachidonic－Acid－Labeling
1) Grow cells to a density of 5-8 X 105 cells/ml in RPMI 1640 containing serum.2) Pellet cells and wash 1 time with room temperature PBS.3) Resuspend
CELL－CYCLE－ANALYSIS
PROPIDIUM IODIDE: The most commonly used dye for DNA content/cell cycle analysis is PROPIDIUM IODIDE (PI). It can be used to stain whole cells or isol
DNA－Cell－Cycle
Solutions70% ethanolribonuclease (100 µg/ml DNase free, Sigma)propidium iodide ( 50 µg/ml in PBS)ProcedureHarvest cells. Spin at 1200 rpm for 5 minute
Trka－Receptor－Signaling－Pathway
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophic factor that stimulates neuronal survival and growth through TrkA, a member of the trk family of tyrosine k
B－Cell－Receptor－Complex
B cells produce immunoglobulins (Ig, antibodies) that specifically bind antigen molecules. B cells first produce a membrane-bound form of immunoglobul
Biosynthesis－of－spermidine－and－spermine
The polyamines spermidine and spermine are expressed in a variety of tissues and are involved in the regulation of apoptosis, cellular proliferation,
Preparation－of－nucleic－acid－probes
Preparation of nucleic acid probesIn standard nucleic acid hybridization assays the probe is labeled in some way. Nucleic acid probes may be made as s
Principles－of－nucleic－acid－hybridization
Principles of nucleic acid hybridization5.2.1. Nucleic acid hybridization is a method for identifying closely related nucleic acid molecules within tw
DAPI－Nucleic－Acid－Stain
实验概要The blue-fluorescent DAPI nucleic acid stain preferentially stains dsDNA; it appears to associate with AT clusters in the minor groove. Binding
Oxidation－of－Polyunsaturated－Fatty－Acid
Unsaturated fatty acids are those that contain one or more double bonds in their alkyl-chain. Polyunsaturated fats with two double bonds usually have
Cyclins－and－Cell－Cycle－Regulation
The cell cycle is regulated by the interplay of many molecules. Key among these are the cyclins which are expressed and then degraded in a concerted f
T－Cell－Receptor－Signaling－Pathway
The T Cell Receptor plays a key role in the immune system. The specificity of the receptor is governed by the binding site formed from the mature alph
TollLike－Receptor－Pathway
The innate immune response responds in a general manner to factors present in invading pathogens. Bacterial factors such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS,
The－IGF1－Receptor－and－Longevity
A demonstrated means to increase lifespan in a wide range of organisms is through the restriction of caloric intake. Reducing the consumption of calor
Msp/Ron－Receptor－Signaling－Pathway
MSP, macrophage-stimulating protein, acts through the transmembrane receptor kinase RON (Stk in mice) to play a role in inflammation and the response
Signaling－of－Hepatocyte－Growth－Factor－Receptor
The hepatocyte growth factor receptor, also called c-Met, is activated by HGF and stimulates proliferation of hepatocytes and other cell types. Mutate
FXR－and－LXR－Regulation－of－Cholesterol－Metabolism
Cholesterol is essential for life and a key in the development of heart disease. Cholesterol homeostasis is achieved through regulation of cholesterol
Acid－Phenol－Yeast－RNA－Prep
This is the preferred method for yeast RNA preparationuse Gloves and RNAse free solutions throughout.1. Use a YPD overnight culture to innoculate fres
Protocol－for－Trichloroacetic－Acid－(TCA)－Precipitation
IntroductionThe efficiency of nucleotide incorporation in DNA/RNA polymerization reactions (e.g. transcription, reverse transcription, and DNA replica
核酸提取(The－Extraction－of－Nucleic－Acid)
【实验目的】 1．掌握核酸提取的基本原理和基本方法 2．掌握检测核酸浓度及纯度的原理及方法 【实验原理】 DNA是遗传信息的载体,是最重要的生物信息分子,是分子生物学研究的主要对象,因此DNA的提取也应是分子生物学实验技术中最重要、最基本的操作。如不能有效的完成DNA提取方面的工作，那就根本谈不
Flow－Cytometric－Analysis－of－Cell－Cycle
Fixation1) Collect 2 X 106 cells.2) Pellet cells by spinning at 1,000 rpm, 4°C for 5 minutes.3) Resuspend cell pellet in 1 ml of cold PBS.4) Fix cells
Yeast－Cell－Cycle－by－Flow－Cytometry
ReagentsCold absolute ethanol.0.5 M Na citrate stock (filtered), 50mM diluted stock.10 mg/ml RNase A (Boil 10 mins, cool, filter and store at -20°C).4
B－Cell－Receptor－信号通路图
B cells produce immunoglobulins (Ig, antibodies) that specifically bind antigen molecules. B cells first produce a membrane-bound form of immunogl