ER–associateddegradation(ERAD)Pathway
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the cell operates a quality control system that identifies misfolded proteins, transports them into the cytoplasm and then targets them for degradation by the proteasome. Aberrant protein degradation is the mechanism underlying many diseases, including cystic fibrosis and heritable forms of lung and liver disease. The pathways that orchestrate the destruction of aberrant proteins are......阅读全文
ER–associated－degradation－(ERAD)－Pathway
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the cell operates a quality control system that identifies misfolded proteins, transports them into the cytoplasm an
Alphasynuclein－and－Parkinmediated－proteolysis－in－Parkinsons－disease
The motor defects of Parkinson's disease are related to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in specific brain regions. Examination of these neurons i
Role－of－Parkin－in－the－UbiquitinProteasomal－Pathway
The motor defects of Parkinson's disease are related to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in specific brain regions. Examination of these neurons i
Degradation－of－the－RAR－and－RXR－by－the－proteasome
Once retinoids are bound by the RAR/RXR heterodimer they became transcriptional activated. As a consequence they are degraded by the proteasome. Phosp
Plateletassociated－Ig－(PAIg)－Elution
OUTLINEPlatelet-associated Ig (PAIg) could be eluted from the platelets. As a result of this procedure platelets get destroyed and the eluted Ig is fo
Senescentassociated－bGal－Assay
Wash cells with PBSFix cells in 0.2% glutaraldehyde for 5’dilute this in PBSWash cell with PBSStain with X-gal solution (ingredients listed below) for
Antisense－Pathway
About 8% of human genes have been estimated to carry out transcription from both DNA strands, resulting in significant level of endogenous antisense R
Complement－Pathway
The complement pathway consists of a series of over thirty proteins in plasma that are part of the immune response. Activation of the complement syste
Prion－Pathway
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) is thought to result from the structural conversion of cellular prion protein, PrP(C), into a misfolded
Dicer－Pathway
The degradation of endogenous mRNA in a sequence-specific manner can be induced by dsRNA [RNA interfernce (RNAi)], antisense transcription, or viral i
Fibrinolysis－Pathway
Clot formation and fibrinolysis is a balance of plasmin activation/inhibition and thrombin-thrombomodulin activity that regulates fibrin polymer forma
Glycolysis－Pathway
Glycolysis was one of the first metabolic pathways studied and is one of the best understood, in terms of the enzymes involved, their mechanisms of ac
Downregulated－of－MTA3－in－ERnegative－Breast－Tumors
Approximately 30% of breast carcinomas lack ER expression. Presumably, these breast cancers become estrogen independent through genetic alterations th
Signal－transduction－through－IL1R
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that signals primarily through the type 1 IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1). The activities of IL-1 include i
Presenilin－action－in－Notch－and－Wnt－signaling
Presenilin-1 (PS1) is associated with gamma secretase activity that cleaves amyloid precursor protein (APP) and is implicated in Alzheimer's dis
MAN1B1基因突变与药物因子介绍
这个基因编码一种属于糖基水解酶47家族的酶。该酶在N-聚糖生物合成中发挥作用，是一种I类α-1,2-甘露糖苷酶，专门将man9glcnac转化为man8glcnac异构体b。在内质网相关降解途径中，需要将N-聚糖修饰为man5-6glcnac2。该基因突变导致常染色体隐性智力残疾。选择性剪接导致多个
MAN1B1基因编码功能及结构描述
这个基因编码一种属于糖基水解酶47家族的酶。该酶在N-聚糖生物合成中发挥作用，是一种I类α-1,2-甘露糖苷酶，专门将man9glcnac转化为man8glcnac异构体b。在内质网相关降解途径中，需要将N-聚糖修饰为man5-6glcnac2。该基因突变导致常染色体隐性智力残疾。选择性剪接导致多个
WNT－Signaling－Pathway
Wnt family members are secreted glycoproteins who bind to cell surface receptors such as Frizzled. Wnt members can play a role in the expression of ma
TPO－Signaling－Pathway
Thrombopoietin (TPO) binds to its receptor inducing aggregation and activation. TPO signals its growth regulating effects to the cell through several
BCR－Signaling－Pathway
Significant progress has been made towards delineation of the intrinsic molecular processes that regulate B lymphocyte immune function. Recent observa
Ceramide－Signaling－Pathway
Over 1,000 papers and reviews have been written about the role of ceramide in the production of programmed cell death or apoptosis. Ceramide is a sphi
AKT－Signaling－Pathway
Many cell-surface receptors induce production of second messengers like PIP3, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, that convey signals to the cyt
Integrin－Signaling－Pathway
Integrins are cell surface receptors that interact with the extracellular matrix and mediate intracellular signals in response to the extracellular ma
Alternative－Complement－Pathway
The complement system of plasma proteins is an important part of the immune system that forms a cascade of factors that lyses foreign cells. There are
EGF－Signaling－Pathway
The epidermal growth factor (EGF) peptide induces cellular proliferation through the EGF receptor, which has a tyrosine kinase cytoplasmic domain, a s
ATM－Signaling－Pathway
The ataxia telangiectasia-mutated gene (ATM) encodes a protein kinase that acts as a tumor suppressor. ATM activation by ionizing radiation damage to
EPO－Signaling－Pathway
Erythropoietin functions to increase the number of red blood cells. Thus, it has found utility as a drug for those needing to replenish erythrocytes f
Reelin－Signaling－Pathway
Reelin is an extracellular protein secreted by neurons. Reeler mice with a defective Reelin gene exhibit neuronal abnormalities in development. Mice t
Ras－Signaling－Pathway
Ras activates many signaling cascades. Here we illustrate some of the well-characterized cascades in a generic compilation of effector molecules. The
Insulin－Signaling－Pathway
The appropriate signaling through the insulin pathway is critical for the regulation of glucose levels and the avoidance of diabetes. Insulin forms a